Tanwîr al-Miqbâs min Tafsîr Ibn ‘Abbâs
Tanwîr al-Miqbâs min Tafsîr Ibn ‘Abbâs
النساء
An-Nisa
176 versets
يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ خُذُواْ حِذۡرَكُمۡ فَٱنفِرُواْ ثُبَاتٍ أَوِ ٱنفِرُواْ جَمِيعٗا
O les croyants! Prenez vos précautions et partez en expédition par détachements ou en masse
Tanwîr al-Miqbâs min Tafsîr Ibn ‘Abbâs — Tanwîr al-Miqbâs min Tafsîr Ibn ‘Abbâs
Knowing that they went out to fight in the way of Allah, Allah said: (O ye who believe) in Muhammad and the Qur'an! (Take your precautions) against your enemy and do not advance dispersed, (then advance the proven ones) then put forward the ones that are the best, (or advance all together) with your Prophet.
وَإِنَّ مِنكُمۡ لَمَن لَّيُبَطِّئَنَّ فَإِنۡ أَصَٰبَتۡكُم مُّصِيبَةٞ قَالَ قَدۡ أَنۡعَمَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيَّ إِذۡ لَمۡ أَكُن مَّعَهُمۡ شَهِيدٗا
Parmi vous, il y aura certes, quelqu'un qui tardera [à aller au combat] et qui, si un malheur vous atteint, dira: «Certes, Allah m'a fait une faveur en ce que je ne me suis pas trouvé en leur compagnie»
Tanwîr al-Miqbâs min Tafsîr Ibn ‘Abbâs — Tanwîr al-Miqbâs min Tafsîr Ibn ‘Abbâs
(Lo! among you) O group of believers (there is he who loitereth) there is him who cannot bring himself to go out in the way of Allah-meaning 'Abdullah Ibn Ubayy-but rather waits to see what happens to you on your expedition; (and if) on your expedition (disaster) death, defeat or hardship (overtook you, he) 'Abdullah Ibn Ubayy (would say: Allah hath been gracious unto me) by my staying back (since I was not present with them) on that expedition.
وَلَئِنۡ أَصَٰبَكُمۡ فَضۡلٞ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ لَيَقُولَنَّ كَأَن لَّمۡ تَكُنۢ بَيۡنَكُمۡ وَبَيۡنَهُۥ مَوَدَّةٞ يَٰلَيۡتَنِي كُنتُ مَعَهُمۡ فَأَفُوزَ فَوۡزًا عَظِيمٗا
et si c'est une grâce qui vous atteint de la part d'Allah, il se mettra, certes, à dire, comme s'il n'y avait aucune affection entre vous et lui: «Quel dommage! Si j'avais été avec eux, j'aurais alors acquis un gain énorme»
Tanwîr al-Miqbâs min Tafsîr Ibn ‘Abbâs — Tanwîr al-Miqbâs min Tafsîr Ibn ‘Abbâs
(And if) on that expedition (a bounty) conquest and booty (from Allah befell you, he) 'Abdullah Ibn Ubayy (would surely cry, as if there had been no love between you and him:) a bond of Religion and acquaintance due to keeping each other's company between you (Oh, would that I had been with them!) on the expedition, (then should I have achieved a great success) I would have gained abundant booty and a great share.
۞فَلۡيُقَٰتِلۡ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلَّذِينَ يَشۡرُونَ ٱلۡحَيَوٰةَ ٱلدُّنۡيَا بِٱلۡأٓخِرَةِۚ وَمَن يُقَٰتِلۡ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ فَيُقۡتَلۡ أَوۡ يَغۡلِبۡ فَسَوۡفَ نُؤۡتِيهِ أَجۡرًا عَظِيمٗا
Qu'ils combattent donc dans le sentier d'Allah, ceux qui troquent la vie présente contre la vie future. Et quiconque combat dans le sentier d'Allah, tué ou vainqueur, Nous lui donnerons bientôt une énorme récompense
Tanwîr al-Miqbâs min Tafsîr Ibn ‘Abbâs — Tanwîr al-Miqbâs min Tafsîr Ibn ‘Abbâs
Allah then commanded them to fight in the way of Allah, if they happened to be hypocrites, saying: (Let those fight in the way of Allah) in obedience of Allah (who sell the life of this world for the other) those who prefer this world over the next; it is also said that this verse was revealed about sincere believers, telling them: let those who prefer the Hereafter over this world fight in the way of Allah. Then Allah mentioned their reward, saying: (Whoso fighteth in the way of Allah) in obedience of Allah, (be he slain) martyred (or be he victorious) triumphant over the enemy, (on him We shall bestow) in both cases (a vast reward) an abundant reward in Paradise.
وَمَا لَكُمۡ لَا تُقَٰتِلُونَ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ وَٱلۡمُسۡتَضۡعَفِينَ مِنَ ٱلرِّجَالِ وَٱلنِّسَآءِ وَٱلۡوِلۡدَٰنِ ٱلَّذِينَ يَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَآ أَخۡرِجۡنَا مِنۡ هَٰذِهِ ٱلۡقَرۡيَةِ ٱلظَّالِمِ أَهۡلُهَا وَٱجۡعَل لَّنَا مِن لَّدُنكَ وَلِيّٗا وَٱجۡعَل لَّنَا مِن لَّدُنكَ نَصِيرًا
Et qu'avez-vous à ne pas combattre dans le sentier d'Allah, et pour la cause des faibles: hommes, femmes et enfants qui disent: «Seigneur! Fais-nous sortir de cette cité dont les gens sont injustes, et assigne-nous de Ta part un allié, et assigne-nous de Ta part un secoureur»
Tanwîr al-Miqbâs min Tafsîr Ibn ‘Abbâs — Tanwîr al-Miqbâs min Tafsîr Ibn ‘Abbâs
Allah then mentioned their dislike of fighting in the way of Allah, saying: (How should ye) O group of believers (not fight for the cause of Allah) in obedience of Allah against the people of Mecca (and of the feeble among men and of the women and the children who are crying) in Mecca: (Our Lord!) O our Lord! (Bring us forth from out this town) i.e. Mecca (of which the people are oppressors!) whose people are idolaters (Oh, give us from Thy presence) from You (some protecting friend!) a protector, meaning: 'Itab Ibn Usayd. (Oh, give us from Thy presence) from You (some defender!) who would prevent us from suffering. Allah answered their prayers and made the Prophet (pbuh) their defender and 'Itab their protecting friend.