Tanwîr al-Miqbâs min Tafsîr Ibn ‘Abbâs
Tanwîr al-Miqbâs min Tafsîr Ibn ‘Abbâs
محمد
Muhammad
38 versets
ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ وَصَدُّواْ عَن سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ أَضَلَّ أَعۡمَٰلَهُمۡ
Ceux qui ont mécru et obstrué le chemin d'Allah, Il a rendu leurs œuvres vaines
Tanwîr al-Miqbâs min Tafsîr Ibn ‘Abbâs — Tanwîr al-Miqbâs min Tafsîr Ibn ‘Abbâs
And from his narration on the authority of Ibn 'Abbas that he said regarding the interpretation of Allah's saying (Those who disbelieve): '(Those who disbelieve) in Muhammad (pbuh) and the Qur'an (and turn (men) from the way of Allah) and prevent people from the religion and obedience of Allah-the reference here is to those who fed the army of the disbelievers on the Day of Badr: 'Utbah and Shaybah the sons of Rabi'ah, Munbih and Nabih the sons of al-Hajjaj, Abu'l-Buhturi Ibn Hisham and Abu Jahl Ibn Hisham and their host-, (He rendereth their actions vain) He thwarts their good deeds and spending on the Day of Badr.
وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّـٰلِحَٰتِ وَءَامَنُواْ بِمَا نُزِّلَ عَلَىٰ مُحَمَّدٖ وَهُوَ ٱلۡحَقُّ مِن رَّبِّهِمۡ كَفَّرَ عَنۡهُمۡ سَيِّـَٔاتِهِمۡ وَأَصۡلَحَ بَالَهُمۡ
Et ceux qui ont cru et accompli de bonnes œuvres et ont cru en ce qui a été descendu sur Muhammad - et c'est la vérité venant de leur Seigneur - Il leur efface leurs méfaits et améliore leur condition
Tanwîr al-Miqbâs min Tafsîr Ibn ‘Abbâs — Tanwîr al-Miqbâs min Tafsîr Ibn ‘Abbâs
(And those who believe) in Allah, Muhammad and the Qur'an (and do good works) acts of obedience, privately between them and their Lord: i.e. the Companions of Muhammad (pbuh) (and believe in that which is revealed unto Muhammad) and believe in that with which Allah sent down Gabriel to Muhammad (pbuh) (and it is) i.e. the Qur'an (the Truth from their Lord. He riddeth them of their ill deeds) i.e. their sins by means of jihad (and improveth their state) and improves their condition, intention and works in the life of he world; and it is said: He makes their matter manifest in Islam.
ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ ٱتَّبَعُواْ ٱلۡبَٰطِلَ وَأَنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ٱتَّبَعُواْ ٱلۡحَقَّ مِن رَّبِّهِمۡۚ كَذَٰلِكَ يَضۡرِبُ ٱللَّهُ لِلنَّاسِ أَمۡثَٰلَهُمۡ
Il en est ainsi parce que ceux qui ont mécru ont suivi le Faux et que ceux qui ont cru ont suivi la Vérité émanant de leur Seigneur. C'est ainsi qu'Allah propose leurs exemples aux gens
Tanwîr al-Miqbâs min Tafsîr Ibn ‘Abbâs — Tanwîr al-Miqbâs min Tafsîr Ibn ‘Abbâs
Then Allah explained why He thwarts the works of the disbelievers, saying: (That is because those who disbelieve) in Muhammad (pbuh) and the Qur'an (follow falsehood) i.e. ascribing partners to Allah (and because those who believe) in Muhammad (pbuh) (follow the Truth from their Lord) i.e. the Qur'an. (Thus Allah coineth) thus Allah present (their similitudes) the similitudes of those who came before them: how Allah had destroyed them when they denied the messengers (for mankind) for the community of Muhammad (pbuh).
فَإِذَا لَقِيتُمُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ فَضَرۡبَ ٱلرِّقَابِ حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَآ أَثۡخَنتُمُوهُمۡ فَشُدُّواْ ٱلۡوَثَاقَ فَإِمَّا مَنَّۢا بَعۡدُ وَإِمَّا فِدَآءً حَتَّىٰ تَضَعَ ٱلۡحَرۡبُ أَوۡزَارَهَاۚ ذَٰلِكَۖ وَلَوۡ يَشَآءُ ٱللَّهُ لَٱنتَصَرَ مِنۡهُمۡ وَلَٰكِن لِّيَبۡلُوَاْ بَعۡضَكُم بِبَعۡضٖۗ وَٱلَّذِينَ قُتِلُواْ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ فَلَن يُضِلَّ أَعۡمَٰلَهُمۡ
Lorsque vous rencontrez (au combat) ceux qui ont mécru frappez-en les cous. Puis, quand vous les avez dominés, enchaînez-les solidement. Ensuite, c'est soit la libération gratuite, soit la rançon, jusqu'à ce que la guerre dépose ses fardeaux. Il en est ainsi, car si Allah voulait, Il se vengerait Lui-même contre eux, mais c'est pour vous éprouver les uns par les autres. Et ceux qui seront tués dans le chemin d'Allah, Il ne rendra jamais vaines leurs actions
Tanwîr al-Miqbâs min Tafsîr Ibn ‘Abbâs — Tanwîr al-Miqbâs min Tafsîr Ibn ‘Abbâs
Allah then encouraged the believers to fight, saying: (Now when ye meet in battle) on the Day of Badr (those who disbelieve, then it is smiting of the necks) they smite their necks (until, when ye have routed them) and taken them prisoners, (then making fast of bonds) keep the prisoners in captivity; (and afterward either grace) either release the prisoners without asking for a ransom (or ransom) or the prisoner ransoms himself (till the war lay down its burdens) until the disbelievers lay down their arms; it is also said that this means: until the disbelievers give up. (That (is the ordinance)) to punish whoever disbelieves in Allah. (And if Allah willed He could have punished them (without you)) if Allah willed He could have punished the disbelievers of Mecca through the angels; it is also said that this means: if Allah willed He could have punished the disbelievers of Mecca without you having to fight them, (but (thus it is ordained) that He may try some of you by means of others) but it is thus that He may test the believers with the disbelievers and the relative with his relative. (And those who are slain in the way of Allah) and those who are killed in obedience of Allah on the Day of Badr, referring here to the prophetic Companions, (He rendereth not their actions vain) Allah will not thwart their good deeds which were performed during jihad.
سَيَهۡدِيهِمۡ وَيُصۡلِحُ بَالَهُمۡ
Il les guidera et améliorera leur condition
Tanwîr al-Miqbâs min Tafsîr Ibn ‘Abbâs — Tanwîr al-Miqbâs min Tafsîr Ibn ‘Abbâs
(He will guide them) He will give them success to perform righteous deeds (and improve their state) and improve their condition and intention; it is also said that this means: He will save them in the Hereafter and improve their state and accept their works on the Day of Judgement,