Asbab Al-Nuzul by Al-Wahidi
Asbab Al-Nuzul by Al-Wahidi
النساء
An-Nisa
176 versets
وَكَيۡفَ تَأۡخُذُونَهُۥ وَقَدۡ أَفۡضَىٰ بَعۡضُكُمۡ إِلَىٰ بَعۡضٖ وَأَخَذۡنَ مِنكُم مِّيثَٰقًا غَلِيظٗا
Comment oseriez-vous le reprendre, après que l'union la plus intime vous ait associés l'un à l'autre et qu'elles aient obtenu de vous un engagement solennel
Tafsir non disponible pour ce verset dans cette édition.
وَلَا تَنكِحُواْ مَا نَكَحَ ءَابَآؤُكُم مِّنَ ٱلنِّسَآءِ إِلَّا مَا قَدۡ سَلَفَۚ إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ فَٰحِشَةٗ وَمَقۡتٗا وَسَآءَ سَبِيلًا
Et n'épousez pas les femmes que vos pères ont épousées, exception faite pour le passé. C'est une turpitude, une abomination, et quelle mauvaise conduite
Asbab Al-Nuzul by Al-Wahidi — Asbab Al-Nuzul by Al-Wahidi
(And marry not those women whom your fathers married�) [4:22]. This was revealed about Hisn ibn Abi al-Qays who married the wife of his father Kubayshah bint Ma�an, al-Aswad ibn Khalaf who married the wife of his father, Safwan ibn Umayyah who married his father�s wife Fakhitah bint al-Aswad ibn al-Muttalib and also about Manzur ibn Zabban who married the wife of his father Mulaykah bint Kharijah. Said Ash�at ibn Sawwar: �When Abu Qays who was one of the righteous people of Medina died, his son Qays proposed to the wife of his father. She said to him: �But I consider you like my son. I will consult the Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, to see what he commands�. When she went and informed him, Allah, exalted is He, revealed this verse�.
حُرِّمَتۡ عَلَيۡكُمۡ أُمَّهَٰتُكُمۡ وَبَنَاتُكُمۡ وَأَخَوَٰتُكُمۡ وَعَمَّـٰتُكُمۡ وَخَٰلَٰتُكُمۡ وَبَنَاتُ ٱلۡأَخِ وَبَنَاتُ ٱلۡأُخۡتِ وَأُمَّهَٰتُكُمُ ٱلَّـٰتِيٓ أَرۡضَعۡنَكُمۡ وَأَخَوَٰتُكُم مِّنَ ٱلرَّضَٰعَةِ وَأُمَّهَٰتُ نِسَآئِكُمۡ وَرَبَـٰٓئِبُكُمُ ٱلَّـٰتِي فِي حُجُورِكُم مِّن نِّسَآئِكُمُ ٱلَّـٰتِي دَخَلۡتُم بِهِنَّ فَإِن لَّمۡ تَكُونُواْ دَخَلۡتُم بِهِنَّ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيۡكُمۡ وَحَلَـٰٓئِلُ أَبۡنَآئِكُمُ ٱلَّذِينَ مِنۡ أَصۡلَٰبِكُمۡ وَأَن تَجۡمَعُواْ بَيۡنَ ٱلۡأُخۡتَيۡنِ إِلَّا مَا قَدۡ سَلَفَۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ غَفُورٗا رَّحِيمٗا
Vous sont interdites vos mères, filles, sœurs, tantes paternelles et tantes maternelles, filles d'un frère et filles d'une sœur, mères qui vous ont allaités, sœurs de lait, mères de vos femmes, belles-filles sous votre tutelle et issues des femmes avec qui vous avez consommé le mariage; si le mariage n'a pas été consommé, ceci n'est pas un péché de votre part; les femmes de vos fils nés de vos reins; de même que deux sœurs réunies - exception faite pour le passé. Car vraiment Allah est Pardonneur et Miséricordieux
Asbab Al-Nuzul by Al-Wahidi — Asbab Al-Nuzul by Al-Wahidi
Forbidden to you are your mothers and daughters, your sisters…. The allusion in this verse is that the Shariah is built on making oneself a servant, not on self-exer- tion; the canon of the religion is transmitted, not rationally derived; and the basis of the Sunnah is surrender, not looking for reasons. Surrender is an easy road, its domicile flourishing, its goal the approval of the All-Merciful. Self-exertion and self-determination are a difficult road, their domicile in ruins, their goal un- wholesome. Watch out! Jump away from the road of self-exertion and cling to surrender. Avoid self-determination and looking for reasons. Whatever the Shariah has declared forbidden, consider it forbidden-a consignment by the Desire, built upon the Will. If it had been permitted in place of forbidden, the same would be the case, for it would have been current in the holy Shariah and would have no cause or ambiguity. For He is the Real-majestic is His majesty! He does whatso- ever He wills [3:40] and decrees whatsoever He desires [5:1]. He forbids what He wills to those whom He wills and He allows what He wills to those whom He wills. His artisanry has no cause and His decree no protester.
۞وَٱلۡمُحۡصَنَٰتُ مِنَ ٱلنِّسَآءِ إِلَّا مَا مَلَكَتۡ أَيۡمَٰنُكُمۡۖ كِتَٰبَ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيۡكُمۡۚ وَأُحِلَّ لَكُم مَّا وَرَآءَ ذَٰلِكُمۡ أَن تَبۡتَغُواْ بِأَمۡوَٰلِكُم مُّحۡصِنِينَ غَيۡرَ مُسَٰفِحِينَۚ فَمَا ٱسۡتَمۡتَعۡتُم بِهِۦ مِنۡهُنَّ فَـَٔاتُوهُنَّ أُجُورَهُنَّ فَرِيضَةٗۚ وَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيۡكُمۡ فِيمَا تَرَٰضَيۡتُم بِهِۦ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ ٱلۡفَرِيضَةِۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمٗا
et, parmi les femmes, les dames (qui ont un mari), sauf si elles sont vos esclaves en toute propriété. Prescription d'Allah sur vous! A part cela, il vous est permis de les rechercher, en vous servant de vos biens et en concluant mariage, non en débauchés. Puis, de même que vous jouissez d'elles, donnez-leur leur mahr comme une chose due. Il n'y a aucun péché contre vous à ce que vous concluez un accord quelconque entre vous après la fixation du mahr Car Allah est, certes, Omniscient et Sage
Asbab Al-Nuzul by Al-Wahidi — Asbab Al-Nuzul by Al-Wahidi
(And all married women (are forbidden unto you) save those (captives) whom your right hands possess�) [4:24]. Muhammad ibn �Abd al-Rahman al-Bunani informed us> Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Hamdan> Abu Ya�la> �Amr al-Naqid> Abu Ahmad al-Zubayri> Sufyan> �Uthman al-Batti> Abu�l-Khalil> Abu Sa�id al-Khudri who said: �We had captured female prisoners of war on the day of Awtas and because they were already married we disliked having any physical relationship with them. Then we asked the Prophet, Allah bless him and give him peace, about them. And the verse (And all married women (are forbidden unto you) save those (captives) whom your right hands possess) was then revealed, as a result of which we consider it lawful to have a physical relationship with them�. Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn al-Harith informed us> �Abd Allah ibn Muhammad ibn Ja�far> Abu Yahya> Sahl ibn �Uthman> �Abd al-Rahim> Ash�ath ibn Sawwar> �Uthman al-Batti> Abu�l-Khalil> Abu Sa�id who said: �When the Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, captured the people of Awtas as prisoners of war we said: �O Prophet of Allah! How can we possibly have physical relationships with women whose lineage and husband we know very well?� And so this verse was revealed (And all married women (are forbidden unto you) save those (captives) whom your right hands possess)�. Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Ibrahim al-Farisi informed us> Muhammad ibn �Isa ibn �Amrawayh> Ibrahim ibn Muhammad ibn Sufyan> Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj> �Ubayd Allah ibn �Umar al-Qawariri> Yazid ibn Zuray�> Sa�id ibn Abi �Arubah> Qatadah> Abu Salih Abu Khalil> Abu �Alqamah al-Hashimi> Abu Sa�id al-Khudri who reported that on the day of Hunayn the Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, sent an army to Awtas. This army met the enemy in a battle, defeated them and captured many female prisoners from them. But some of the Companions of the Messenger, Allah bless him and give him peace, were uncomfortable about having physical relations with these prisoners because they had husbands who were idolaters, and so Allah, exalted is He, revealed about this (And all married women (are forbidden unto you) save those (captives) whom your right hands possess).
وَمَن لَّمۡ يَسۡتَطِعۡ مِنكُمۡ طَوۡلًا أَن يَنكِحَ ٱلۡمُحۡصَنَٰتِ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنَٰتِ فَمِن مَّا مَلَكَتۡ أَيۡمَٰنُكُم مِّن فَتَيَٰتِكُمُ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنَٰتِۚ وَٱللَّهُ أَعۡلَمُ بِإِيمَٰنِكُمۚ بَعۡضُكُم مِّنۢ بَعۡضٖۚ فَٱنكِحُوهُنَّ بِإِذۡنِ أَهۡلِهِنَّ وَءَاتُوهُنَّ أُجُورَهُنَّ بِٱلۡمَعۡرُوفِ مُحۡصَنَٰتٍ غَيۡرَ مُسَٰفِحَٰتٖ وَلَا مُتَّخِذَٰتِ أَخۡدَانٖۚ فَإِذَآ أُحۡصِنَّ فَإِنۡ أَتَيۡنَ بِفَٰحِشَةٖ فَعَلَيۡهِنَّ نِصۡفُ مَا عَلَى ٱلۡمُحۡصَنَٰتِ مِنَ ٱلۡعَذَابِۚ ذَٰلِكَ لِمَنۡ خَشِيَ ٱلۡعَنَتَ مِنكُمۡۚ وَأَن تَصۡبِرُواْ خَيۡرٞ لَّكُمۡۗ وَٱللَّهُ غَفُورٞ رَّحِيمٞ
Et quiconque parmi vous n'a pas les moyens pour épouser des femmes libres (non esclaves) croyantes, eh bien (il peut épouser) une femme parmi celles de vos esclaves croyantes. Allah connaît mieux votre foi, car vous êtes les uns des autres (de la même religion). Et épousez-les avec l'autorisation de leurs maîtres (Waliy) et donnez-leur un mahr convenable; (épousez-les) étant vertueuses et non pas livrées à la débauche ni ayant des amants clandestins. Si, une fois engagées dans le mariage, elles commettent l'adultère, elles reçoivent la moitié du châtiment qui revient aux femmes libres (non esclaves) mariées. Ceci est autorisé à celui d'entre vous qui craint la débauche; mais ce serait mieux pour vous d'être endurant. Et Allah est Pardonneur et Miséricordieux
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