Riyad as-Salihin

The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Do not choose the Friday night among all other nights for standing in (Tahajjud) prayer, and do not choose Friday among all other days for Saum (fasting) except that one you have accustomed to.".

I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) as saying: "None of you should observe fast on Friday except that he should observe fast either one day before it or one day after it.".

I asked Jabir (May Allah be pleased with him). Did the Prophet (ﷺ) prohibit fasting on Friday?" He said, "Yes.".

Juwairiyah bint Al-Harith (May Allah be pleased with her), the Mother of the Believers, said that the Prophet (ﷺ) visited her on a Friday and she was observing fast. He asked, "Did you observe fast yesterday?" She said, "No." He asked, "Do you intend to observe fast tomorrow?" She said, "No." He said, "In that case, give up your fast today.".

The Prophet (ﷺ) prohibited observing continuous voluntary fasts beyond one day..

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) prohibited observing continuous fasts beyond one day. The Companions submitted: "But you do it." He replied, "I am not like you. I am given to eat and to drink (from Allah).".

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "It is much better for one of you to sit on a live coal, which will burn his clothes and get to his skin than to sit on a grave.".

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade that the graves should be plastered (made into permanent structures), used as sitting places (for the people) or building over them..

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "If a slave runs away from his master, his responsibility to him is absolved.".

The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "When the slave runs away from his master, his Salat (prayer) will not be accepted.".Another narration is: "He is guilty of disbelief (i.e., in case he believes in the lawfulness of doing so)."

The Quraish were anxious about a woman from Banu Makhzum who had committed theft and asked : "Who will speak to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) about her?" Then they said: "No one will be bold enough to do so except Usamah bin Zaid, the (Companion who was) dearly loved by the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)." So Usamah (May Allah be pleased with him) spoke to him and the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) (angrily) said, "Are you interceding regarding one of the punishments prescribed by Allah?" He then got up and delivered an address in which he said, "Indeed what destroyed the people before you was just that when a person of high rank among them committed a theft, they spared him; but if the same crime was done by a poor person they inflicted the prescribed punishment on him. I swear by Allah that if Fatimah daughter of Muhammad should steal, I would have her hand cut off.".In another narration 'Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) said: (Upon hearing the intercession of Usamah), the face of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) changed color (because of anger) and he said, "Do you dare to intercede in matters prescribed by Allah?" Usamah pleaded: "O Messenger of Allah! Pray for my forgiveness." 'Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) added: Thereafter the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) gave orders to have that woman's hand cut off.

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Avoid two habits which provoke cursing." The Companions said: "What are those things which provoke cursing?" He said, "Relieving on the thoroughfares or under the shades where people take shelter and rest.".

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade urinating into stagnant water..

My father took me to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and said to him: "I have gifted one of my slaves to this son of mine." The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Have you given such gift to every son of yours?" He replied, "No." Thereupon he said, "Take this gift back."Another narration is: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Be mindful of your obligation to Allah and do justice in respect of your children." My father came back and revoked his gift.Another narration is: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) asked, "Have you other children besides this one?" He said, "Yes." The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) asked, "Have you awarded a gift like this to all of them." He said, "No." The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "I am not going to bear witness to this act of injustice."Another narration is: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) asked, "Do you not except goodness from all of them as you except from him?" He said, "Yes, of course." The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Then don't do this (i.e., do not give a gift to one son only).".

I went to Umm Habibah (May Allah be pleased with her) the wife of the Prophet (ﷺ), when her father Abu Sufyan bin Harb (May Allah be pleased with him) died. Umm Habibah (May Allah be pleased with her) sent for a yellow coloured perfume or something else like it, and she applied it to a slave-girl and then rubbed it on her own cheeks and said: "By Allah, I have no need for perfume, I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) saying from the pulpit, 'It is not permissible for a woman who believes in Allah and the Last Day to mourn for the dead beyond three days, except for the death of her husband; in which case the period of mourning is of four months and ten days."' Zainab said: I then visited Zainab, daughter of Jahsh (May Allah be pleased with her) when her brother died; she sent for perfume and applied it and then said: "Beware! By Allah, I don't feel any need of perfume but I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) saying from the pulpit, 'It is not permissible for a woman who believes in Allah and the Last Day to mourn the dead beyond three days except in case of her husband (for whom the period is) four months and ten days."'

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade that a person in the city should make a deal on behalf of a villager on commission even if he is his real brother."

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "Do not meet the merchandise till they arrive in the market.".

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "The caravans carrying merchandise should not be met on the way to purchase from them; a man in the city should not sell for a man of the desert."Tawus asked him (Ibn 'Abbas): "What do these words really imply?" He said: "He should not work as an agent on his behalf.".

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade that a man in the city should be the commission agent of a man from the desert and prohibited the practice of Najsh (i.e., offering a high price for something in order to allure another customer who is interested in the thing); and that a man should make an offer while the offer of his brother is pending; or that he should make a proposal of marriage while that of his brother is pending; or that a woman should try that a sister of hers might be divorced so that she might take her place.Another narration is: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade the people from meeting the caravan on the way for entering into business transaction with them; and the selling of the goods by a dweller of the city on behalf of a man of the desert; and the seeking by a woman the divorce of her sister (from her husband); and the practice of Najsh and leaving the animals unmilked (for sometime for the purpose of accumulation of milk to deceive the buyer)..

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, "A person should not enter into a transaction when his (Muslim) brother has already negotiated, nor should he make a proposal of marriage when that of his brother is pending, except with the permission of the latter."