Tafsir Ibn Kathir (abridged)

Tafsir Ibn Kathir (abridged) — Hafiz Ibn Kathir

This World was created for a Wisdom Here Allah tells us of His justice, and that He is far above mere play, folly and falsehood. This is like the Ayah: وَمَا خَلَقْنَا السَّمَآءَ وَالاٌّرْضَ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا بَـطِلاً ذَلِكَ ظَنُّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ فَوَيْلٌ لِّلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ مِنَ النَّارِ (And We created not the heaven and the earth and all that is between them without purpose! That is the consideration of those who disbelieve! Then woe to those who disbelieve from the Fire!) (38:27) أَفَحَسِبْتُمْ أَنَّمَا خَلَقْنَـكُمْ عَبَثاً وَأَنَّكُمْ إِلَيْنَا لاَ تُرْجَعُونَ - فَتَعَـلَى اللَّهُ الْمَلِكُ الْحَقُّ لاَ إِلَـهَ إِلاَّ هُوَ رَبُّ الْعَرْشِ الْكَرِيمِ (Did you think that We had created you in play, and that you would not be brought back to Us So Exalted be Allah, the True King: La ilaha illa Huwa, the Lord of the Supreme Throne!) (23:115-116) Then Allah says: إِنَّ يَوْمَ الْفَصْلِ مِيقَـتُهُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ (Verily, the Day of Judgement is the time appointed for all of them) This is the Day of Resurrection, when Allah will judge between all creatures, and He will punish the disbelievers and reward the believers. مِيقَـتُهُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ (is the time appointed for all of them) means, He will gather all of them, the first and the last of them. يَوْمَ لاَ يُغْنِى مَوْلًى عَن مَّوْلًى شَيْئاً (The Day when a near relative cannot avail a near relative in aught,) means, no relative will be able to help another relative. This is like the Ayah: فَإِذَا نُفِخَ فِى الصُّورِ فَلاَ أَنسَـبَ بَيْنَهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ وَلاَ يَتَسَآءَلُونَ (Then, when the Trumpet is blown, there will be no kinship among them that Day, nor will they ask of one another.) (23:101) وَلاَ يَسْـَلُ حَمِيمٌ حَمِيماً يُبَصَّرُونَهُمْ (And no friend will ask a friend (about his condition). Though they shall be made to see one another) (70:10-11) which means, he will not ask his brother about how he is, even though he can see him with his own eyes. وَلاَ هُمْ يُنصَرُونَ (and no help can they receive,) means, no relative will help another, and no help will come to him from outside. إِلاَّ مَن رَّحِمَ اللَّهُ (Except him on whom Allah has mercy.) means, and nothing will be of any avail that Day except the mercy of Allah towards His creation. إِنَّهُ هُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الرَّحِيمُ (Verily, He is the All-Mighty, the Most Merciful.) means, he is the Almighty, with immense mercy.

Tafsir Ibn Kathir (abridged) — Hafiz Ibn Kathir

This World was created for a Wisdom Here Allah tells us of His justice, and that He is far above mere play, folly and falsehood. This is like the Ayah: وَمَا خَلَقْنَا السَّمَآءَ وَالاٌّرْضَ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا بَـطِلاً ذَلِكَ ظَنُّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ فَوَيْلٌ لِّلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ مِنَ النَّارِ (And We created not the heaven and the earth and all that is between them without purpose! That is the consideration of those who disbelieve! Then woe to those who disbelieve from the Fire!) (38:27) أَفَحَسِبْتُمْ أَنَّمَا خَلَقْنَـكُمْ عَبَثاً وَأَنَّكُمْ إِلَيْنَا لاَ تُرْجَعُونَ - فَتَعَـلَى اللَّهُ الْمَلِكُ الْحَقُّ لاَ إِلَـهَ إِلاَّ هُوَ رَبُّ الْعَرْشِ الْكَرِيمِ (Did you think that We had created you in play, and that you would not be brought back to Us So Exalted be Allah, the True King: La ilaha illa Huwa, the Lord of the Supreme Throne!) (23:115-116) Then Allah says: إِنَّ يَوْمَ الْفَصْلِ مِيقَـتُهُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ (Verily, the Day of Judgement is the time appointed for all of them) This is the Day of Resurrection, when Allah will judge between all creatures, and He will punish the disbelievers and reward the believers. مِيقَـتُهُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ (is the time appointed for all of them) means, He will gather all of them, the first and the last of them. يَوْمَ لاَ يُغْنِى مَوْلًى عَن مَّوْلًى شَيْئاً (The Day when a near relative cannot avail a near relative in aught,) means, no relative will be able to help another relative. This is like the Ayah: فَإِذَا نُفِخَ فِى الصُّورِ فَلاَ أَنسَـبَ بَيْنَهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ وَلاَ يَتَسَآءَلُونَ (Then, when the Trumpet is blown, there will be no kinship among them that Day, nor will they ask of one another.) (23:101) وَلاَ يَسْـَلُ حَمِيمٌ حَمِيماً يُبَصَّرُونَهُمْ (And no friend will ask a friend (about his condition). Though they shall be made to see one another) (70:10-11) which means, he will not ask his brother about how he is, even though he can see him with his own eyes. وَلاَ هُمْ يُنصَرُونَ (and no help can they receive,) means, no relative will help another, and no help will come to him from outside. إِلاَّ مَن رَّحِمَ اللَّهُ (Except him on whom Allah has mercy.) means, and nothing will be of any avail that Day except the mercy of Allah towards His creation. إِنَّهُ هُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الرَّحِيمُ (Verily, He is the All-Mighty, the Most Merciful.) means, he is the Almighty, with immense mercy.

Tafsir Ibn Kathir (abridged) — Hafiz Ibn Kathir

The Condition of the Idolators and Their Punishment on the Day of Resurrection Allah tells us how He will punish the disbelievers who deny the meeting with Him: إِنَّ شَجَرَةَ الزَّقُّومِ - طَعَامُ الاٌّثِيمِ (Verily, the tree of Zaqqum will be the food of the sinners.) Those who sinned by their words and in deeds. These are the disbelievers. More than one commentator stated that this referred to Abu Jahl; undoubtedly he is included among those referred to in this Ayah, but it is not specifically about him. Ibn Jarir recorded that Abu Ad-Darda' was reciting to a man: إِنَّ شَجَرَةَ الزَّقُّومِ - طَعَامُ الاٌّثِيمِ (Verily, the tree of Zaqqum will be the food of the sinners.) The man said, "The food of the orphan." Abu Ad-Darda', may Allah be pleased with him, said, "Say, the tree of Zaqqum is the food of the evildoer." i.e., he will not have any other food apart from that. Mujahid said, "If a drop of it were to fall on the earth, it would corrupt the living of all the people of earth." A similar Marfu` report has been narrated earlier. كَالْمُهْلِ (Like boiling oil,) means, like the dregs of oil. كَالْمُهْلِ يَغْلِى فِى الْبُطُونِ - كَغَلْىِ الْحَمِيمِ (it will boil in the bellies, like the boiling of scalding water.) means, because of its heat and rancidity. خُذُوهُ (Seize him) means the disbeliever. It was reported that when Allah says to the keepers of Hell, "Seize him," seventy thousand of them will rush to seize him. فَاعْتِلُوهُ (and drag him) means, drag him by pulling him and pushing him on his back. Mujahid said: خُذُوهُ فَاعْتِلُوهُ (Seize him and drag him) means, take him and push him. إِلَى سَوَآءِ الْجَحِيمِ (into the midst of blazing Fire.) means, into the middle of it. ثُمَّ صُبُّواْ فَوْقَ رَأْسِهِ مِنْ عَذَابِ الْحَمِيمِ (Then pour over his head the torment of boiling water.) This is like the Ayah: هَـذَانِ خَصْمَانِ اخْتَصَمُواْ فِى رَبِّهِمْ فَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ قُطِّعَتْ لَهُمْ ثِيَابٌ مِّن نَّارِ يُصَبُّ مِن فَوْقِ رُءُوسِهِمُ الْحَمِيمُ - يُصْهَرُ بِهِ مَا فِى بُطُونِهِمْ وَالْجُلُودُ (boiling water will be poured down over their heads. With it will melt what is within their bellies, as well as (their) skins.) (22:19-20). The angel will strike him with a hooked rod of iron and split his head open, then he will pour boiling water over his head. It will go down through his body, melting through his stomach and intestines, until it goes through his heels; may Allah protect us from that. ذُقْ إِنَّكَ أَنتَ الْعَزِيزُ الْكَرِيمُ (Taste you (this)! Verily, you were (pretending to be) the mighty, the generous.) means, they (the keepers of Hell) will say that to him by way of ridicule and rebuke. Ad-Dahhak reported that Ibn `Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, said: "This means, you are neither mighty nor generous." And Allah's saying: إِنَّ هَـذَا مَا كُنتُمْ بِهِ تَمْتَرُونَ (Verily, this is that whereof you used to doubt!) is like His saying: يَوْمَ يُدَعُّونَ إِلَى نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ دَعًّا - هَـذِهِ النَّارُ الَّتِى كُنتُم بِهَا تُكَذِّبُونَ - أَفَسِحْرٌ هَـذَا أَمْ أَنتُمْ لاَ تُبْصِرُونَ (The Day when they will be pushed down by force to the fire of Hell, with a horrible, forceful pushing. This is the Fire which you used to deny. In this magic, or do you not see) (52: 13-15) Similarly Allah said: إِنَّ هَـذَا مَا كُنتُمْ بِهِ تَمْتَرُونَ (Verily, this is that where of you used to doubt!)

Tafsir Ibn Kathir (abridged) — Hafiz Ibn Kathir

The Condition of the Idolators and Their Punishment on the Day of Resurrection Allah tells us how He will punish the disbelievers who deny the meeting with Him: إِنَّ شَجَرَةَ الزَّقُّومِ - طَعَامُ الاٌّثِيمِ (Verily, the tree of Zaqqum will be the food of the sinners.) Those who sinned by their words and in deeds. These are the disbelievers. More than one commentator stated that this referred to Abu Jahl; undoubtedly he is included among those referred to in this Ayah, but it is not specifically about him. Ibn Jarir recorded that Abu Ad-Darda' was reciting to a man: إِنَّ شَجَرَةَ الزَّقُّومِ - طَعَامُ الاٌّثِيمِ (Verily, the tree of Zaqqum will be the food of the sinners.) The man said, "The food of the orphan." Abu Ad-Darda', may Allah be pleased with him, said, "Say, the tree of Zaqqum is the food of the evildoer." i.e., he will not have any other food apart from that. Mujahid said, "If a drop of it were to fall on the earth, it would corrupt the living of all the people of earth." A similar Marfu` report has been narrated earlier. كَالْمُهْلِ (Like boiling oil,) means, like the dregs of oil. كَالْمُهْلِ يَغْلِى فِى الْبُطُونِ - كَغَلْىِ الْحَمِيمِ (it will boil in the bellies, like the boiling of scalding water.) means, because of its heat and rancidity. خُذُوهُ (Seize him) means the disbeliever. It was reported that when Allah says to the keepers of Hell, "Seize him," seventy thousand of them will rush to seize him. فَاعْتِلُوهُ (and drag him) means, drag him by pulling him and pushing him on his back. Mujahid said: خُذُوهُ فَاعْتِلُوهُ (Seize him and drag him) means, take him and push him. إِلَى سَوَآءِ الْجَحِيمِ (into the midst of blazing Fire.) means, into the middle of it. ثُمَّ صُبُّواْ فَوْقَ رَأْسِهِ مِنْ عَذَابِ الْحَمِيمِ (Then pour over his head the torment of boiling water.) This is like the Ayah: هَـذَانِ خَصْمَانِ اخْتَصَمُواْ فِى رَبِّهِمْ فَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ قُطِّعَتْ لَهُمْ ثِيَابٌ مِّن نَّارِ يُصَبُّ مِن فَوْقِ رُءُوسِهِمُ الْحَمِيمُ - يُصْهَرُ بِهِ مَا فِى بُطُونِهِمْ وَالْجُلُودُ (boiling water will be poured down over their heads. With it will melt what is within their bellies, as well as (their) skins.) (22:19-20). The angel will strike him with a hooked rod of iron and split his head open, then he will pour boiling water over his head. It will go down through his body, melting through his stomach and intestines, until it goes through his heels; may Allah protect us from that. ذُقْ إِنَّكَ أَنتَ الْعَزِيزُ الْكَرِيمُ (Taste you (this)! Verily, you were (pretending to be) the mighty, the generous.) means, they (the keepers of Hell) will say that to him by way of ridicule and rebuke. Ad-Dahhak reported that Ibn `Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, said: "This means, you are neither mighty nor generous." And Allah's saying: إِنَّ هَـذَا مَا كُنتُمْ بِهِ تَمْتَرُونَ (Verily, this is that whereof you used to doubt!) is like His saying: يَوْمَ يُدَعُّونَ إِلَى نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ دَعًّا - هَـذِهِ النَّارُ الَّتِى كُنتُم بِهَا تُكَذِّبُونَ - أَفَسِحْرٌ هَـذَا أَمْ أَنتُمْ لاَ تُبْصِرُونَ (The Day when they will be pushed down by force to the fire of Hell, with a horrible, forceful pushing. This is the Fire which you used to deny. In this magic, or do you not see) (52: 13-15) Similarly Allah said: إِنَّ هَـذَا مَا كُنتُمْ بِهِ تَمْتَرُونَ (Verily, this is that where of you used to doubt!)

Tafsir Ibn Kathir (abridged) — Hafiz Ibn Kathir

The Condition of the Idolators and Their Punishment on the Day of Resurrection Allah tells us how He will punish the disbelievers who deny the meeting with Him: إِنَّ شَجَرَةَ الزَّقُّومِ - طَعَامُ الاٌّثِيمِ (Verily, the tree of Zaqqum will be the food of the sinners.) Those who sinned by their words and in deeds. These are the disbelievers. More than one commentator stated that this referred to Abu Jahl; undoubtedly he is included among those referred to in this Ayah, but it is not specifically about him. Ibn Jarir recorded that Abu Ad-Darda' was reciting to a man: إِنَّ شَجَرَةَ الزَّقُّومِ - طَعَامُ الاٌّثِيمِ (Verily, the tree of Zaqqum will be the food of the sinners.) The man said, "The food of the orphan." Abu Ad-Darda', may Allah be pleased with him, said, "Say, the tree of Zaqqum is the food of the evildoer." i.e., he will not have any other food apart from that. Mujahid said, "If a drop of it were to fall on the earth, it would corrupt the living of all the people of earth." A similar Marfu` report has been narrated earlier. كَالْمُهْلِ (Like boiling oil,) means, like the dregs of oil. كَالْمُهْلِ يَغْلِى فِى الْبُطُونِ - كَغَلْىِ الْحَمِيمِ (it will boil in the bellies, like the boiling of scalding water.) means, because of its heat and rancidity. خُذُوهُ (Seize him) means the disbeliever. It was reported that when Allah says to the keepers of Hell, "Seize him," seventy thousand of them will rush to seize him. فَاعْتِلُوهُ (and drag him) means, drag him by pulling him and pushing him on his back. Mujahid said: خُذُوهُ فَاعْتِلُوهُ (Seize him and drag him) means, take him and push him. إِلَى سَوَآءِ الْجَحِيمِ (into the midst of blazing Fire.) means, into the middle of it. ثُمَّ صُبُّواْ فَوْقَ رَأْسِهِ مِنْ عَذَابِ الْحَمِيمِ (Then pour over his head the torment of boiling water.) This is like the Ayah: هَـذَانِ خَصْمَانِ اخْتَصَمُواْ فِى رَبِّهِمْ فَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ قُطِّعَتْ لَهُمْ ثِيَابٌ مِّن نَّارِ يُصَبُّ مِن فَوْقِ رُءُوسِهِمُ الْحَمِيمُ - يُصْهَرُ بِهِ مَا فِى بُطُونِهِمْ وَالْجُلُودُ (boiling water will be poured down over their heads. With it will melt what is within their bellies, as well as (their) skins.) (22:19-20). The angel will strike him with a hooked rod of iron and split his head open, then he will pour boiling water over his head. It will go down through his body, melting through his stomach and intestines, until it goes through his heels; may Allah protect us from that. ذُقْ إِنَّكَ أَنتَ الْعَزِيزُ الْكَرِيمُ (Taste you (this)! Verily, you were (pretending to be) the mighty, the generous.) means, they (the keepers of Hell) will say that to him by way of ridicule and rebuke. Ad-Dahhak reported that Ibn `Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, said: "This means, you are neither mighty nor generous." And Allah's saying: إِنَّ هَـذَا مَا كُنتُمْ بِهِ تَمْتَرُونَ (Verily, this is that whereof you used to doubt!) is like His saying: يَوْمَ يُدَعُّونَ إِلَى نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ دَعًّا - هَـذِهِ النَّارُ الَّتِى كُنتُم بِهَا تُكَذِّبُونَ - أَفَسِحْرٌ هَـذَا أَمْ أَنتُمْ لاَ تُبْصِرُونَ (The Day when they will be pushed down by force to the fire of Hell, with a horrible, forceful pushing. This is the Fire which you used to deny. In this magic, or do you not see) (52: 13-15) Similarly Allah said: إِنَّ هَـذَا مَا كُنتُمْ بِهِ تَمْتَرُونَ (Verily, this is that where of you used to doubt!)