Tafsir Ibn Kathir (abridged)

Tafsir Ibn Kathir (abridged) — Hafiz Ibn Kathir

The Idols of the Polytheists will deny Their Worship Allah, the Exalted, informs about the disbelievers who associate partners with their Lord, that they have taken gods besides Allah, so that these gods may be a source of honor and might for them. They think that these gods give them power and make them victorious. Then, Allah mentions that the matter is not as they claim, and it will not be as they hope. He says, كَلاَّ سَيَكْفُرُونَ بِعِبَـدَتِهِمْ (Nay, but they will deny their worship of them,) on the Day of Judgement. وَيَكُونُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ ضِدّاً (and will become their adversaries.) This means that they will be foes in a state other than what they think about these gods. This is similar to Allah's statement, وَمَنْ أَضَلُّ مِمَّن يَدْعُو مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ مَن لاَّ يَسْتَجِيبُ لَهُ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَـمَةِ وَهُمْ عَن دُعَآئِهِمْ غَـفِلُونَ - وَإِذَا حُشِرَ النَّاسُ كَانُواْ لَهُمْ أَعْدَآءً وَكَانُواْ بِعِبَادَتِهِمْ كَـفِرِينَ (And who is more astray than one who calls upon, besides Allah, such as will not answer him till the Day of Resurrection, and who are (even) unaware of their calls to them And when mankind are gathered, they will become their enemies and will deny their worshipping.) 46:5-6 As-Suddi said, كَلاَّ سَيَكْفُرُونَ بِعِبَـدَتِهِمْ (Nay, but they will deny their worship of them,) "This means their worshipping of the idols. " Allah said, وَيَكُونُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ ضِدّاً (and will become their adversaries) contrary to what they hoped for from these gods. As-Suddi said, وَيَكُونُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ ضِدّاً (and will become their adversaries.) "They will be in severe opposition and argument." Ad-Dahhak said, وَيَكُونُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ ضِدّاً (and will become their adversaries.) "This means enemies." The Power of the Devils over the Disbelievers Concerning Allah's statement, أَلَمْ تَرَ أَنَّآ أَرْسَلْنَا الشَّيَـطِينَ عَلَى الْكَـفِرِينَ تَؤُزُّهُمْ أَزّاً (See you not that We have sent the Shayatin against the disbelievers to push them to do evil.) `Ali bin Abi Talhah said that Ibn `Abbas said, "They will lead them astray with temptation." Al-`Awfi said that Ibn `Abbas said, "They will incite them against Muhammad and his Companions." Qatadah said, "They will harass them and disturb them until they disobey Allah." `Abdur-Rahman bin Zayd said, "This is similar to Allah's statement, وَمَن يَعْشُ عَن ذِكْرِ الرَّحْمَـنِ نُقَيِّضْ لَهُ شَيْطَاناً فَهُوَ لَهُ قَرِينٌ (And whosoever turns away blindly from the remembrance of the Most Gracious, We appoint for him a Shaytan to be a companion for him.)" 43:36 Concerning Allah's statement, فَلاَ تَعْجَلْ عَلَيْهِمْ إِنَّمَا نَعُدُّ لَهُمْ عَدّاً (So make no haste against them; We only count out to them a (limited) number.) This means, "Do not be hasty with the punishment that is going to befall them, O Muhammad." إِنَّمَا نَعُدُّ لَهُمْ عَدّاً (We only count out to them a number. ) This means, "We are only delaying them for a fixed appointment whose time is numbered. They are destined for that and there is no escaping the torment of Allah and His exemplary punishment." Allah says, وَلاَ تَحْسَبَنَّ اللَّهَ غَـفِلاً عَمَّا يَعْمَلُ الظَّـلِمُونَ (And consider not that Allah is unaware of that which the wrongdoers do.) 14:42 And He says, فَمَهِّلِ الْكَـفِرِينَ أَمْهِلْهُمْ رُوَيْداً (So give a respite to the disbelievers; deal gently with them for a while.) 86:17 And Allah says, إِنَّمَا نُمْلِى لَهُمْ لِيَزْدَادُواْ إِثْمَاً (We postpone the punishment only so that they may increase in sinfulness.) 3:178 نُمَتِّعُهُمْ قَلِيلاً ثُمَّ نَضْطَرُّهُمْ إِلَى عَذَابٍ غَلِيظٍ (We let them enjoy for a little while, then in the end We shall oblige them to (enter) a great torment.) 31:24 قُلْ تَمَتَّعُواْ فَإِنَّ مَصِيرَكُمْ إِلَى النَّارِ (Say: "Enjoy! But certainly, your destination is the (Hell) Fire.") 14:30 As-Suddi said, إِنَّمَا نَعُدُّ لَهُمْ عَدّاً (We only count out to them a (limited) number. ) means years, months, days and hours." يَوْمَ نَحْشُرُ الْمُتَّقِينَ إِلَى الرَّحْمَـنِ وَفْداً وَنَسُوقُ الْمُجْرِمِينَ إِلَى جَهَنَّمَ وِرْداً

Tafsir Ibn Kathir (abridged) — Hafiz Ibn Kathir

The Idols of the Polytheists will deny Their Worship Allah, the Exalted, informs about the disbelievers who associate partners with their Lord, that they have taken gods besides Allah, so that these gods may be a source of honor and might for them. They think that these gods give them power and make them victorious. Then, Allah mentions that the matter is not as they claim, and it will not be as they hope. He says, كَلاَّ سَيَكْفُرُونَ بِعِبَـدَتِهِمْ (Nay, but they will deny their worship of them,) on the Day of Judgement. وَيَكُونُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ ضِدّاً (and will become their adversaries.) This means that they will be foes in a state other than what they think about these gods. This is similar to Allah's statement, وَمَنْ أَضَلُّ مِمَّن يَدْعُو مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ مَن لاَّ يَسْتَجِيبُ لَهُ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَـمَةِ وَهُمْ عَن دُعَآئِهِمْ غَـفِلُونَ - وَإِذَا حُشِرَ النَّاسُ كَانُواْ لَهُمْ أَعْدَآءً وَكَانُواْ بِعِبَادَتِهِمْ كَـفِرِينَ (And who is more astray than one who calls upon, besides Allah, such as will not answer him till the Day of Resurrection, and who are (even) unaware of their calls to them And when mankind are gathered, they will become their enemies and will deny their worshipping.) 46:5-6 As-Suddi said, كَلاَّ سَيَكْفُرُونَ بِعِبَـدَتِهِمْ (Nay, but they will deny their worship of them,) "This means their worshipping of the idols. " Allah said, وَيَكُونُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ ضِدّاً (and will become their adversaries) contrary to what they hoped for from these gods. As-Suddi said, وَيَكُونُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ ضِدّاً (and will become their adversaries.) "They will be in severe opposition and argument." Ad-Dahhak said, وَيَكُونُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ ضِدّاً (and will become their adversaries.) "This means enemies." The Power of the Devils over the Disbelievers Concerning Allah's statement, أَلَمْ تَرَ أَنَّآ أَرْسَلْنَا الشَّيَـطِينَ عَلَى الْكَـفِرِينَ تَؤُزُّهُمْ أَزّاً (See you not that We have sent the Shayatin against the disbelievers to push them to do evil.) `Ali bin Abi Talhah said that Ibn `Abbas said, "They will lead them astray with temptation." Al-`Awfi said that Ibn `Abbas said, "They will incite them against Muhammad and his Companions." Qatadah said, "They will harass them and disturb them until they disobey Allah." `Abdur-Rahman bin Zayd said, "This is similar to Allah's statement, وَمَن يَعْشُ عَن ذِكْرِ الرَّحْمَـنِ نُقَيِّضْ لَهُ شَيْطَاناً فَهُوَ لَهُ قَرِينٌ (And whosoever turns away blindly from the remembrance of the Most Gracious, We appoint for him a Shaytan to be a companion for him.)" 43:36 Concerning Allah's statement, فَلاَ تَعْجَلْ عَلَيْهِمْ إِنَّمَا نَعُدُّ لَهُمْ عَدّاً (So make no haste against them; We only count out to them a (limited) number.) This means, "Do not be hasty with the punishment that is going to befall them, O Muhammad." إِنَّمَا نَعُدُّ لَهُمْ عَدّاً (We only count out to them a number. ) This means, "We are only delaying them for a fixed appointment whose time is numbered. They are destined for that and there is no escaping the torment of Allah and His exemplary punishment." Allah says, وَلاَ تَحْسَبَنَّ اللَّهَ غَـفِلاً عَمَّا يَعْمَلُ الظَّـلِمُونَ (And consider not that Allah is unaware of that which the wrongdoers do.) 14:42 And He says, فَمَهِّلِ الْكَـفِرِينَ أَمْهِلْهُمْ رُوَيْداً (So give a respite to the disbelievers; deal gently with them for a while.) 86:17 And Allah says, إِنَّمَا نُمْلِى لَهُمْ لِيَزْدَادُواْ إِثْمَاً (We postpone the punishment only so that they may increase in sinfulness.) 3:178 نُمَتِّعُهُمْ قَلِيلاً ثُمَّ نَضْطَرُّهُمْ إِلَى عَذَابٍ غَلِيظٍ (We let them enjoy for a little while, then in the end We shall oblige them to (enter) a great torment.) 31:24 قُلْ تَمَتَّعُواْ فَإِنَّ مَصِيرَكُمْ إِلَى النَّارِ (Say: "Enjoy! But certainly, your destination is the (Hell) Fire.") 14:30 As-Suddi said, إِنَّمَا نَعُدُّ لَهُمْ عَدّاً (We only count out to them a (limited) number. ) means years, months, days and hours." يَوْمَ نَحْشُرُ الْمُتَّقِينَ إِلَى الرَّحْمَـنِ وَفْداً وَنَسُوقُ الْمُجْرِمِينَ إِلَى جَهَنَّمَ وِرْداً

Tafsir Ibn Kathir (abridged) — Hafiz Ibn Kathir

The Idols of the Polytheists will deny Their Worship Allah, the Exalted, informs about the disbelievers who associate partners with their Lord, that they have taken gods besides Allah, so that these gods may be a source of honor and might for them. They think that these gods give them power and make them victorious. Then, Allah mentions that the matter is not as they claim, and it will not be as they hope. He says, كَلاَّ سَيَكْفُرُونَ بِعِبَـدَتِهِمْ (Nay, but they will deny their worship of them,) on the Day of Judgement. وَيَكُونُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ ضِدّاً (and will become their adversaries.) This means that they will be foes in a state other than what they think about these gods. This is similar to Allah's statement, وَمَنْ أَضَلُّ مِمَّن يَدْعُو مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ مَن لاَّ يَسْتَجِيبُ لَهُ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَـمَةِ وَهُمْ عَن دُعَآئِهِمْ غَـفِلُونَ - وَإِذَا حُشِرَ النَّاسُ كَانُواْ لَهُمْ أَعْدَآءً وَكَانُواْ بِعِبَادَتِهِمْ كَـفِرِينَ (And who is more astray than one who calls upon, besides Allah, such as will not answer him till the Day of Resurrection, and who are (even) unaware of their calls to them And when mankind are gathered, they will become their enemies and will deny their worshipping.) 46:5-6 As-Suddi said, كَلاَّ سَيَكْفُرُونَ بِعِبَـدَتِهِمْ (Nay, but they will deny their worship of them,) "This means their worshipping of the idols. " Allah said, وَيَكُونُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ ضِدّاً (and will become their adversaries) contrary to what they hoped for from these gods. As-Suddi said, وَيَكُونُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ ضِدّاً (and will become their adversaries.) "They will be in severe opposition and argument." Ad-Dahhak said, وَيَكُونُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ ضِدّاً (and will become their adversaries.) "This means enemies." The Power of the Devils over the Disbelievers Concerning Allah's statement, أَلَمْ تَرَ أَنَّآ أَرْسَلْنَا الشَّيَـطِينَ عَلَى الْكَـفِرِينَ تَؤُزُّهُمْ أَزّاً (See you not that We have sent the Shayatin against the disbelievers to push them to do evil.) `Ali bin Abi Talhah said that Ibn `Abbas said, "They will lead them astray with temptation." Al-`Awfi said that Ibn `Abbas said, "They will incite them against Muhammad and his Companions." Qatadah said, "They will harass them and disturb them until they disobey Allah." `Abdur-Rahman bin Zayd said, "This is similar to Allah's statement, وَمَن يَعْشُ عَن ذِكْرِ الرَّحْمَـنِ نُقَيِّضْ لَهُ شَيْطَاناً فَهُوَ لَهُ قَرِينٌ (And whosoever turns away blindly from the remembrance of the Most Gracious, We appoint for him a Shaytan to be a companion for him.)" 43:36 Concerning Allah's statement, فَلاَ تَعْجَلْ عَلَيْهِمْ إِنَّمَا نَعُدُّ لَهُمْ عَدّاً (So make no haste against them; We only count out to them a (limited) number.) This means, "Do not be hasty with the punishment that is going to befall them, O Muhammad." إِنَّمَا نَعُدُّ لَهُمْ عَدّاً (We only count out to them a number. ) This means, "We are only delaying them for a fixed appointment whose time is numbered. They are destined for that and there is no escaping the torment of Allah and His exemplary punishment." Allah says, وَلاَ تَحْسَبَنَّ اللَّهَ غَـفِلاً عَمَّا يَعْمَلُ الظَّـلِمُونَ (And consider not that Allah is unaware of that which the wrongdoers do.) 14:42 And He says, فَمَهِّلِ الْكَـفِرِينَ أَمْهِلْهُمْ رُوَيْداً (So give a respite to the disbelievers; deal gently with them for a while.) 86:17 And Allah says, إِنَّمَا نُمْلِى لَهُمْ لِيَزْدَادُواْ إِثْمَاً (We postpone the punishment only so that they may increase in sinfulness.) 3:178 نُمَتِّعُهُمْ قَلِيلاً ثُمَّ نَضْطَرُّهُمْ إِلَى عَذَابٍ غَلِيظٍ (We let them enjoy for a little while, then in the end We shall oblige them to (enter) a great torment.) 31:24 قُلْ تَمَتَّعُواْ فَإِنَّ مَصِيرَكُمْ إِلَى النَّارِ (Say: "Enjoy! But certainly, your destination is the (Hell) Fire.") 14:30 As-Suddi said, إِنَّمَا نَعُدُّ لَهُمْ عَدّاً (We only count out to them a (limited) number. ) means years, months, days and hours." يَوْمَ نَحْشُرُ الْمُتَّقِينَ إِلَى الرَّحْمَـنِ وَفْداً وَنَسُوقُ الْمُجْرِمِينَ إِلَى جَهَنَّمَ وِرْداً

Tafsir Ibn Kathir (abridged) — Hafiz Ibn Kathir

The Idols of the Polytheists will deny Their Worship Allah, the Exalted, informs about the disbelievers who associate partners with their Lord, that they have taken gods besides Allah, so that these gods may be a source of honor and might for them. They think that these gods give them power and make them victorious. Then, Allah mentions that the matter is not as they claim, and it will not be as they hope. He says, كَلاَّ سَيَكْفُرُونَ بِعِبَـدَتِهِمْ (Nay, but they will deny their worship of them,) on the Day of Judgement. وَيَكُونُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ ضِدّاً (and will become their adversaries.) This means that they will be foes in a state other than what they think about these gods. This is similar to Allah's statement, وَمَنْ أَضَلُّ مِمَّن يَدْعُو مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ مَن لاَّ يَسْتَجِيبُ لَهُ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَـمَةِ وَهُمْ عَن دُعَآئِهِمْ غَـفِلُونَ - وَإِذَا حُشِرَ النَّاسُ كَانُواْ لَهُمْ أَعْدَآءً وَكَانُواْ بِعِبَادَتِهِمْ كَـفِرِينَ (And who is more astray than one who calls upon, besides Allah, such as will not answer him till the Day of Resurrection, and who are (even) unaware of their calls to them And when mankind are gathered, they will become their enemies and will deny their worshipping.) 46:5-6 As-Suddi said, كَلاَّ سَيَكْفُرُونَ بِعِبَـدَتِهِمْ (Nay, but they will deny their worship of them,) "This means their worshipping of the idols. " Allah said, وَيَكُونُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ ضِدّاً (and will become their adversaries) contrary to what they hoped for from these gods. As-Suddi said, وَيَكُونُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ ضِدّاً (and will become their adversaries.) "They will be in severe opposition and argument." Ad-Dahhak said, وَيَكُونُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ ضِدّاً (and will become their adversaries.) "This means enemies." The Power of the Devils over the Disbelievers Concerning Allah's statement, أَلَمْ تَرَ أَنَّآ أَرْسَلْنَا الشَّيَـطِينَ عَلَى الْكَـفِرِينَ تَؤُزُّهُمْ أَزّاً (See you not that We have sent the Shayatin against the disbelievers to push them to do evil.) `Ali bin Abi Talhah said that Ibn `Abbas said, "They will lead them astray with temptation." Al-`Awfi said that Ibn `Abbas said, "They will incite them against Muhammad and his Companions." Qatadah said, "They will harass them and disturb them until they disobey Allah." `Abdur-Rahman bin Zayd said, "This is similar to Allah's statement, وَمَن يَعْشُ عَن ذِكْرِ الرَّحْمَـنِ نُقَيِّضْ لَهُ شَيْطَاناً فَهُوَ لَهُ قَرِينٌ (And whosoever turns away blindly from the remembrance of the Most Gracious, We appoint for him a Shaytan to be a companion for him.)" 43:36 Concerning Allah's statement, فَلاَ تَعْجَلْ عَلَيْهِمْ إِنَّمَا نَعُدُّ لَهُمْ عَدّاً (So make no haste against them; We only count out to them a (limited) number.) This means, "Do not be hasty with the punishment that is going to befall them, O Muhammad." إِنَّمَا نَعُدُّ لَهُمْ عَدّاً (We only count out to them a number. ) This means, "We are only delaying them for a fixed appointment whose time is numbered. They are destined for that and there is no escaping the torment of Allah and His exemplary punishment." Allah says, وَلاَ تَحْسَبَنَّ اللَّهَ غَـفِلاً عَمَّا يَعْمَلُ الظَّـلِمُونَ (And consider not that Allah is unaware of that which the wrongdoers do.) 14:42 And He says, فَمَهِّلِ الْكَـفِرِينَ أَمْهِلْهُمْ رُوَيْداً (So give a respite to the disbelievers; deal gently with them for a while.) 86:17 And Allah says, إِنَّمَا نُمْلِى لَهُمْ لِيَزْدَادُواْ إِثْمَاً (We postpone the punishment only so that they may increase in sinfulness.) 3:178 نُمَتِّعُهُمْ قَلِيلاً ثُمَّ نَضْطَرُّهُمْ إِلَى عَذَابٍ غَلِيظٍ (We let them enjoy for a little while, then in the end We shall oblige them to (enter) a great torment.) 31:24 قُلْ تَمَتَّعُواْ فَإِنَّ مَصِيرَكُمْ إِلَى النَّارِ (Say: "Enjoy! But certainly, your destination is the (Hell) Fire.") 14:30 As-Suddi said, إِنَّمَا نَعُدُّ لَهُمْ عَدّاً (We only count out to them a (limited) number. ) means years, months, days and hours." يَوْمَ نَحْشُرُ الْمُتَّقِينَ إِلَى الرَّحْمَـنِ وَفْداً وَنَسُوقُ الْمُجْرِمِينَ إِلَى جَهَنَّمَ وِرْداً

Tafsir Ibn Kathir (abridged) — Hafiz Ibn Kathir

The Condition of the Righteous and the Criminals on the Day of Resurrection Allah, the Exalted, informs about His righteous friends, who feared Him in the life of this world. They followed His Messengers and believed in what the Messengers told them. They obeyed them in what they commanded them and abstained from that which they prohibited. Allah explains that He will gather these people on the Day of Resurrection like a delegation that has come to Him. A Wafd (delegation) is a group that arrives while riding and from it comes the word Wufud (arriving). They will come riding upon noble steeds of light from the riding animals of the Hereafter. They will arrive before the Best Receiver of delegations at the abode of His honor and pleasure. In reference to the criminals, who denied the Messengers and opposed them, they will be driven violently to the Hellfire. Allah says, وِرْداً (In a thirsty state.) This means parched and thirsting for drink. This was stated by `Ata', Ibn `Abbas, Mujahid, Al-Hasan, Qatadah and many others. Here it will be said, أَىُّ الْفَرِيقَيْنِ خَيْرٌ مَّقَاماً وَأَحْسَنُ نَدِيّاً (Which of the two groups is best in Maqam (position) and the finest Nadiyyan (meeting place).)19:73 Ibn Abi Hatim reported from `Amr bin Qays Al-Mula'i, who reported from Ibn Marzuq that he said, يَوْمَ نَحْشُرُ الْمُتَّقِينَ إِلَى الرَّحْمَـنِ وَفْداً (The Day We shall gather those with Taqwa unto the Most Gracious, like a delegation.) "When the believer comes forth from his grave, he will meet the most handsome form he has ever seen and it will have the nicest fragrance. He will say, `Who are you' The being will reply, `You do not know me' The believer will say, `No, but Allah has made you sweet smelling with a handsome face.' The being will say, `I am your righteous deeds. This is how you use to beautify and apply fragrance to your deeds in the worldly life. I was riding upon you in the entire length of your worldly life, so will you not ride upon me now' So the believer will therefore mount the creature. This is the meaning of Allah's statement, يَوْمَ نَحْشُرُ الْمُتَّقِينَ إِلَى الرَّحْمَـنِ وَفْداً (The Day We shall gather those with Taqwa unto the Most Gracious, like a delegation.)" `Ali bin Abi Talhah reported that Ibn `Abbas said, يَوْمَ نَحْشُرُ الْمُتَّقِينَ إِلَى الرَّحْمَـنِ وَفْداً (The Day We shall gather those with Taqwa unto the Most Gracious, like a delegation.) "Riding." His saying, وَنَسُوقُ الْمُجْرِمِينَ إِلَى جَهَنَّمَ وِرْداً (And We shall drive the criminals to Hell, in a thirsty state.) This means parched and thirsty. لاَّ يَمْلِكُونَ الشَّفَـعَةَ (None shall have the power of intercession,) There will be no one who can intercede for them like the believers who intercede for each other. Allah says about them, فَمَا لَنَا مِن شَـفِعِينَ - وَلاَ صَدِيقٍ حَمِيمٍ (Now we have no intercessors, nor a close friend.) 26:100-101 Allah said, إِلاَّ مَنِ اتَّخَذَ عِندَ الرَّحْمَـنِ عَهْداً (but such a one as has received permission (or promise) from the Most Gracious.) This is a separate exclusion, which means, "But those who have taken a covenant with the Most Beneficent." This covenant is the testimony that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah, and upholding of its rights and implications. `Ali bin Abi Talhah reported that Ibn `Abbas said, إِلاَّ مَنِ اتَّخَذَ عِندَ الرَّحْمَـنِ عَهْداً (but such a one as has received permission (or promise) from the Most Gracious.) "The promise is the testimony that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah, that the person accepts that all power and strength belong to Allah and he only places his hope with Allah alone."