Jami' al-Tirmidhi

That the Prophet (ﷺ) said: "Whoever buys food, then he is not to sell it until he takes possession of it." Ibn 'Abbas said: "All things are considered the same (in this regard)." There are narrations on this topic from Jabir, Ibn 'Umar, and Abu Hurairah. The Hadith of Ibn 'Abbas is a Hasan Sahih Hadith.

That the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "None of you is to sell over the sale of others, nor to propose over the proposal of others." There are narration on this topic from Abu Hurairah and Samurah. The Hadith of Ibn 'Umar is a Hasan Sahih Hadith. And it has been reported from the Prophet (ﷺ) that he said: "Do not haggle in competition with your brother's haggling." And the meaning of sale in this Hadith of the Prophet (ﷺ), according to some of the people of knowledge is to haggle.

From Abu Talhah that he said: "O Prophet of Allah! I had purchased some wine for the orphans under my care. He said: 'Spill out the wine, and break the jugs.'" There are narrations on this topic from Jabir, 'Aishah, Abu Sa'eed, Ibn Mas'ud, Ibn 'Umar, and Anas. The Hadith of Abu Talhah, Ath-Thawri reported this Hadith from As-Suddi, from Yahya bin 'Abbad, from Anas: "That Abu Talhah was with him" and this is more correct than the narration of Al-laith (no. 1293).

"I asked the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) 'Can wine be used for vinegar?' He said: 'No'" This Hadith is Hasan Sahih.

"The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) cursed ten involved in wine: The one who presses it, the one who has it pressed, its drinker, its carrier, and the one it is carried to, its server, its seller, the consumption of its price, the one who purchases it and the one it was purchased for." This Hadith is Gharib as a narration of Anas. Similar to this has been reported from Ibn 'Abbas, Ibn Mas'ud, and Ibn 'Umar, from the Prophet (ﷺ).

That the Prophet (ﷺ) said: "When one of you comes upon livestock, if its owner is with it then seek his permission. If he permits him then let him milk it and drink. If there is no one with it then call out three times, if someone answers then seek his permission. If no one answers then let him milk it and drink without carrying (any of it away)." There are narrations on this topic from Ibn 'Umar and Abu Sa'eed. The Hadith of Samurah is a Hasan Gharib Sahih Hadith. This is acted upon according to some of the people of knowledge, and it is the view of Ahmad and Ishaq. 'Ali bin Al-Madini said: "It is correct that Al-Hasan heard this from Samurah." Some of the people of Hadith criticized the narrations of Al-Hasan from Samurah, they said that he only narrated from a writing of Samurah.

That during the Year of the Conquest, while he was in Makkah, he heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) saying: "Indeed Allah and His Messenger unlawful the sale of wine, dead carcasses, the pig, and idols." They said: "O Messenger of Allah! What about the fat of carcasses? For indeed it is used to coat the ships, skins are oiled with it, and people use it for lamps?" He said: "No. It is unlawful." Then, with that, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "May Allah fight (curse) the Jews! Indeed Allah made the fat unlawful for them, they melted it, sold it, and consumed its price." There are narrations of this topic from 'Umar and Ibn 'Abbas. The Hadith of Jabir is Hasan Sahih Hadith. This is acted upon according to the people of knowledge.

That the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Ours is not a bad example: The one who takes back his gift is like the dog who takes back his vomit." On this topic, there is the narration from Ibn 'Umar from the Prophet (ﷺ) that he said: "It is not lawful for anyone that has given a gift to take it back, except for a father who gives something to his son."

That he heard Tawus narrating from Ibn 'Umar and Ibn 'Abbas, and they both narrated this Hadith from the Prophet (ﷺ). (A Hadith similar to no. 1298). The Hadith of Ibn 'Abbas (ra), is a Hasan Sahih Hadith. This Hadith is acted upon according to soe of the people of knowledge among the Companions of the Prophet (ﷺ). They said whoever gives a gift to a closely related relative, then he is not to take back his gift. And whoever gives a gift to someone other then a close relative, then he may take it back as long as it has not been reciprocated. This is the view of Ath-Thawri. Ash-Shafi'i said: "It is not lawful for any that has given a gift to take it back except for what the father gave to his son." Ash-Shafi'i argued with the Hadith of 'Abdullah bin 'Umar from the Prophet (ﷺ): "It is not lawful for anyone that has given a gift to take it back, except for a father who give something to his son."

From Zaid bin Thabit that the Prophet (ﷺ) prohibited Al-Muhalaqah and Al-Muzabanah, except that he permitted those practice Al-'Araya to sell it for a like estimation. There are narrations on this topic from Abu Hurairah and Jabir. The Hadith if Zaid bin Thabit: This is how Muhammad bin Ishaq reported this Hadith. Ayyub, 'Ubaidullah bin 'Umar, and Malik bin Anas reported it from Nafi', from 'Ibn Umar: "The Prophet (ﷺ) prohibited Al-Muhalaqah and Al-Muzabanah." With this chain of narration, it has been reported from Ibn 'Umar, from Zaid bin Thabit, from the Prophet (ﷺ) that he permitted Al-'Araya in cases less that five Wasq. This is more correct than the narration of Muhammad bin Ishaq.

That the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) permitted Al-'Araya in cases less than five Wasq. Or similar.

"The Prophet (ﷺ) permitted Al-'Araya in cases of five Wasq, or for what was less than five Wasq."

From Zaid bin Thabit that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) permitted selling in Al-'Araya by estimating it. This Hadith is Hasan Sahih. The Hadith of Abu Hurairah is Hasan Sahih. And this is acted upon according to some of the people of knowledge. Among them Ash-Shafi'i, Ahmad and Ishaq. They said Al-'Araya is an exception from the general scope of the prohibition of the Prophet (ﷺ) when he prohibited Al-Muhaqalah and Al-Muzabanah. They argued using this Hadith of Zaid bin Thabit and the Hadith of Abu Hurairah. They said that he may buy what is less than five Wasq. According to some of the people of knowledge, this means that the Prophet (ﷺ) wanted to make less restriction for them on this matter because they complained to him saying: "We dont by anything with dried dates except fruit." So he permitted them to buy less than five Wasq worth so they could eat fresh dates.

Rafi' bin Khadij and Sahl bin Abi Hathmah narrated to him that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) prohibited Al-Muzabanah sales, (buying) fruits with dried dates, except for those who practice Al-'Araya - for he permitted it for them - and from buying grapes with raisins, and from every fruit by its estimation. This Hadith is Hasan Sahih Gharib from this route.

That the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Do not practice An-Najsh." There are narrations on this topic from Ibn 'Umar and Anas. The Hadith of Abu Hurairah is a Hasan Sahih Hadith. This is acted upon according to the people of knowledge, they disliked An-Najsh. An-Najsh is when a man who knows about the goods comes to the owner of the goods to offer him more than what it is worth, doing so in the presence of the buyer. He intends to seduce the buyer while he himself does not want to buy it, rather he only wants to deceive the buyer with his offer. And this is type of deceit. Ash-Shafi'i said: "If a man commits An-Najsh the he has sinned due to what he has done, but the sale is permissible, because the buyer did not commit An-Najsh."

"Makhrafah Al-'Abdi and I brought linens from Hajar. The Prophet (ﷺ) came to us in bargain with us with some pants. There was someone with me who weighed (the goods) to determine the value. So the the Prophet (ﷺ) said to the one weighing: 'Weigh and add more.'" There are narrations on this topic from Jabir and Abu Hurairah. The Hadith of Suwaid is a Hasan Sahih Hadith. The people of knowledge consider it recommended to add more when weighing. Shu'bah reported this Hadith from Simak, so he said: "From Abu Safwan" and he mentioned the narration.

That the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Whoever grants respite to an indigent or alleviates it for him, Allah will shade him on the Day of Judgement under His Throne, a Day in which there is no shade except His shade." There are narrations on this topic from Abu Al-Yasar, Abu Qatadah, Hudhaifah, Abu Mas'ud, 'Ubadah, and Jabir. The Hadith if Abu Hurairah is a Hasan Sahih Gharib Hadith from this route.

That the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "A man among those before you was called to reckon and nothing good was found with him. Except that he was a wealthy man so he used to mix with the pople and he would tell his servant to be lenient with the insolvent. So Allah, Mighty and Sublime is He, said: 'We are more worthy of that than him, so be lenient with him.'" This Hadith is Hasan Sahih. Abu Al-Yasar is Ka'b bin 'Amr.

That the Prophet (ﷺ) said: "Procrastination (in paying a debt) by a rich person is oppression. So if your debt is transferred from your debtor to a rich debtor, you should agree." He said: There are narrations on this topic from Ibn 'Umar, and Ash-Sharid bin Suwaid Ath-Thaqafi.

That the Prophet (ﷺ) said: "Procrastination (in paying a debt) by a rich person is oppression. So if your debt is transfered from your debtor you should agree, and do not make two sales in one sale." The Hadith is the Abu Hurairah (no. 1308) is a Hasan Sahih Hadith. And its meaning is that when the debt of one of you is transferred then agree. Some of the people of knowledge said when a man is offered to transfer his debt to a rich man and he does so, then the transferor is free of it, he is not to seek its return from the transferor. This is the view of Ash-Shafi'i, Ahmad, and Ishaq. Some of the people of knowledge said: "When this wealth could not be collected due to bankruptcy of the one it was transferred to, then he may seek its return to the first one." They argue this view with the saying of 'Uthman and others, when they said: "There is nothing due on a Muslim's wealth that is lost." Ishaq said: "The meaning of this Hadith: 'There is nothing due on a Muslim's wealth that is lost' this is when a man transfers it to another whom he thinks is wealthy, then he becomes bankrupt, so there is nothing due on the Muslim's wealth that is lost."