Mishkat al-Masabih

In the time of God’s Messenger and of Abu Bakr we sold slave women who had borne children, but when ‘Umar was in power he forbade us to do so and we stopped. Abu Dawud transmitted it.

Ibn ‘Umar reported God’s Messenger as saying, “If anyone emancipates a slave who owns property he gets the slave’s property, unless the master stipulates otherwise.” Abu Dawud and Ibn Majah transmitted it.

Abul Malih told on his father's authority that when a man emancipated a share in a slave, and the matter was mentioned to the Prophet he said, “God has no partner,” and decided chat he should be emancipated. Abu Dawud transmitted it.

I was a slave of Umm Salama, and she said, “I shall emancipate you, but I stipulate that you must serve God’s Messenger as long as you live” I replied, “Even if you do not make a stipulation with me I shall not leave God’s Messenger as long as I live”. She then emancipated me and made the stipulation with me. Abu Dawud and Ibn Majah transmitted it.

‘Amr b. Shu'aib, on his father's authority, told that this grandfather reported the Prophet as saying, “A slave who has entered into an agreement to purchase his freedom is a slave as long as a dirham of the agreed price remains to be paid." Abu Dawud transmitted it.

Umm Salama reported God's Messenger as spying, “When a slave of one of you women has made an agreement to purchase his freedom and can pay the full price, she must veil herself from him.” Tirmidhi, Abu Dawud and Ibn Majah transmitted it.

‘Amr b. Shu'aib, on his father’s authority, told that his grandfather reported God's Messenger as saying, “If anyone has agreed to let his slave buy his freedom for a hundred uqiyas and he pays them all but ten (or he said, ten dinars), and he is then unable to complete the amount, he remains a slave.” Tirmidhi, Abu Dawud and Ibn Majah transmitted it.

Ibn ‘Abbas reported the Prophet as saying, “When a slave who has made an agreement to purchase his freedom gets blood-money or an inheritance, he can inherit in accordance with the extent to which he has been emancipated.” In a version by Tirmidhi he said, “Blood wit is paid for a slave who has made an agreement to purchase his freedom at the rate paid for a freeman so far as he has paid the purchase money, and at the rate paid for a slave so far as the remainder is concerned,” but he declared it to be weak. Abu Dawud and Tirmidhi transmitted it.

‘Abd ar-Rahman b. Abu ‘Amra al-Ansari told that his mother had intended to emancipate a slave, but she postponed it till the morning, and she died. ‘Abd ar-Rahman said he asked al-Qasim b. Muhammad whether it would benefit her if he emancipated the slave on her behalf, and al-Qasim told him that Sa'd b. ‘Ubada had gone to God’s Messenger saying his mother had died and asking whether it would benefit her if he set free a slave on her behalf, and that God’s Messenger had replied that it would. Malik transmitted it.

Yahya b. Sa'id told that ‘Abd ar-Rahman b. Abu Bakr died in his sleep and that his sister ‘A’isha emancipated many slaves on his behalf. Malik transmitted it.

‘Abdallah b. ‘Umar reported God's Messenger as saying, “If anyone buys a slave and makes no stipulation about his property, he gets none of it.” Darimi transmitted it.

Ibn ‘Umar said the greatest oath the Prophet used was, “No, by Him who overturns the hearts.” Bukhari transmitted it.

He reported God’s Messenger as saying, “God forbids you to swear by your fathers. If anyone swears he must swear by God, or keep silent.” (Bukhari and Muslim.)

‘Abd ar-Rahman b. Samura reported God's Messenger as saying, “Do not swear by idols or by your fathers.” Muslim transmitted it.

Abu Huraira reported the Prophet as saying that if anyone swears an oath in the course of which he says, “By al-Lat and al-‘Uzza”, he should say, “There is no god but God”; and that if anyone says to his friend, “Come and let me play for money with you”, he should pay sadaqa. (Bukhari and Muslim.)

Thabit b. ad-Dahhak reported God’s Messenger as saying, “If anyone swears by a religion other than Islam falsely he is like what he has said.* A son of Adam may not take a vow about something which he does not possess, and if anyone kills himself with something in this world he will be punished with it on the day of resurrection. If anyone curses a believer it is like murdering him, if anyone charges a believer with infidelity it is like murdering him, and if anyone makes a false claim to gain much thereby God will give him less instead of more.” (Bukhari and Muslim.) *Opinions differ about the meaning. Some say it means he is a liar, others that he is an infidel.

Abu Musa reported God’s Messenger as saying, “I swear by God that if God will, I shall not swear an oath and then consider something else to be better than it without making atonement for my oath and doing the thing that is better.” (Bukhari and Muslim.)

A version has, "Do the thing that is better and make atonement for your oath.’* Bukhari, al-Aiman wan-nudhur, I and Muslim, Aiman, 19 give the first form in full. I have not found the other version.

Abu Huraira reported God’s Messenger as saying, "If anyone swears an oath and considers something else to be better than it he should make atonement for his oath and do that.” Muslim transmitted it.

He reported God’s Messenger as saying, "I swear by God that it is more sinful in God’s sight for one of you to persist in his oath regarding his family than to give for it the atonement God has imposed.” (Bukhari and Muslim.)