سنن أبي داود
Sunan Abi Dawud
Imam Sulayman ibn al-Ash'ath Abu Dawud al-Sijistani
5,276 hadiths
Filtrer par chapitre :
Mu'adhah (al-'Adawiyyah) said
dansSunan Abi Dawudقَالَتْ قُلْتُ لِعَائِشَةَ أَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَصُومُ مِنْ كُلِّ شَهْرٍ ثَلاَثَةَ أَيَّامٍ قَالَتْ نَعَمْ . قُلْتُ مِنْ أَىِّ شَهْرٍ كَانَ يَصُومُ قَالَتْ مَا كَانَ يُبَالِي مِنْ أَىِّ أَيَّامِ الشَّهْرِ كَانَ يَصُومُ .
I asked 'Aishah: Would the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) fast three days every month ? She replied: Yes. I asked: Which days in the month he used to fast ? She replied: He did not care which days of the month he fasted.
Hafsah, Ummul Mu'minin
dansSunan Abi Dawudقَالَ " مَنْ لَمْ يُجْمِعِ الصِّيَامَ قَبْلَ الْفَجْرِ فَلاَ صِيَامَ لَهُ " . قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ رَوَاهُ اللَّيْثُ وَإِسْحَاقُ بْنُ حَازِمٍ أَيْضًا جَمِيعًا عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ مِثْلَهُ وَوَقَفَهُ عَلَى حَفْصَةَ مَعْمَرٌ وَالزُّبَيْدِيُّ وَابْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ وَيُونُسُ الأَيْلِيُّ كُلُّهُمْ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ .
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: He who does not determine to fast before dawn does not fast.
'Aishah said
dansSunan Abi Dawudقَالَتْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم إِذَا دَخَلَ عَلَىَّ قَالَ " هَلْ عِنْدَكُمْ طَعَامٌ " . فَإِذَا قُلْنَا لاَ قَالَ " إِنِّي صَائِمٌ " . زَادَ وَكِيعٌ فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْنَا يَوْمًا آخَرَ فَقُلْنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أُهْدِيَ لَنَا حَيْسٌ فَحَبَسْنَاهُ لَكَ . فَقَالَ " أَدْنِيهِ " . قَالَ طَلْحَةُ فَأَصْبَحَ صَائِمًا وَأَفْطَرَ .
When the Prophet (ﷺ) entered upon me, he would ask: Do you have food ? When we said: No, he would say: I am fasting. Waki' added in his version: Another day when he entered upon us, we said: Messenger of Allah, some pudding (hair) has been presented to us and we have retained it for you. He said: Bring it to me. Talhah said: He fasted in the morning, but broke his fast (that day).
Umm Hani
dansSunan Abi Dawudقَالَتْ لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْفَتْحِ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ جَاءَتْ فَاطِمَةُ فَجَلَسَتْ عَنْ يَسَارِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَأُمُّ هَانِئٍ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ قَالَتْ فَجَاءَتِ الْوَلِيدَةُ بِإِنَاءٍ فِيهِ شَرَابٌ فَنَاوَلَتْهُ فَشَرِبَ مِنْهُ ثُمَّ نَاوَلَهُ أُمَّ هَانِئٍ فَشَرِبَتْ مِنْهُ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ أَفْطَرْتُ وَكُنْتُ صَائِمَةً . فَقَالَ لَهَا " أَكُنْتِ تَقْضِينَ شَيْئًا " . قَالَتْ لاَ . قَالَ " فَلاَ يَضُرُّكِ إِنْ كَانَ تَطَوُّعًا " .
On the days of the conquest of Mecca, when Mecca was captured, Fatimah came and sat on the left side of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), and Umm Hani was on his right side. A slave-girl brought a vessel which contained some drink; she gave it to him and he drank of it. He then gave it to Umm Hani who drank of it. She said: Messenger of Allah, I have broken my fast; I was fasting. He said to her: Were you making atonement for something? She replied: No. He said: Then it does not harm you if it was voluntary (fast).
Aisha, Ummul Mu'minin
dansSunan Abi Dawudقَالَتْ أُهْدِيَ لِي وَلِحَفْصَةَ طَعَامٌ وَكُنَّا صَائِمَتَيْنِ فَأَفْطَرْنَا ثُمَّ دَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقُلْنَا لَهُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّا أُهْدِيَتْ لَنَا هَدِيَّةٌ فَاشْتَهَيْنَاهَا فَأَفْطَرْنَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " لاَ عَلَيْكُمَا صُومَا مَكَانَهُ يَوْمًا آخَرَ " .
Some food was presented to me and Hafsah. We were fasting, but broke our fast. Then the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) entered upon us. We said to him: A gift was presented to us; we coveted it and we broke our fast. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: There is no harm to you; keep a fast another day in lieu of it.
Abu Hurairah reported the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) as saying
dansSunan Abi Dawudقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " لاَ تَصُومُ الْمَرْأَةُ وَبَعْلُهَا شَاهِدٌ إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِهِ غَيْرَ رَمَضَانَ وَلاَ تَأْذَنُ فِي بَيْتِهِ وَهُوَ شَاهِدٌ إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِهِ " .
It is not allowable for a woman to keep (voluntary) fast when her husband is present without his permission, and she may not allow anyone to enter his house without his permission.
AbuSa'id al-Khudri
dansSunan Abi Dawudقَالَ جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَنَحْنُ عِنْدَهُ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ زَوْجِي صَفْوَانَ بْنَ الْمُعَطَّلِ يَضْرِبُنِي إِذَا صَلَّيْتُ وَيُفَطِّرُنِي إِذَا صُمْتُ وَلاَ يُصَلِّي صَلاَةَ الْفَجْرِ حَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ . قَالَ وَصَفْوَانُ عِنْدَهُ . قَالَ فَسَأَلَهُ عَمَّا قَالَتْ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَمَّا قَوْلُهَا يَضْرِبُنِي إِذَا صَلَّيْتُ فَإِنَّهَا تَقْرَأُ بِسُورَتَيْنِ وَقَدْ نَهَيْتُهَا . قَالَ فَقَالَ " لَوْ كَانَتْ سُورَةً وَاحِدَةً لَكَفَتِ النَّاسَ " . وَأَمَّا قَوْلُهَا يُفَطِّرُنِي فَإِنَّهَا تَنْطَلِقُ فَتَصُومُ وَأَنَا رَجُلٌ شَابٌّ فَلاَ أَصْبِرُ . فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَوْمَئِذٍ " لاَ تَصُومُ امْرَأَةٌ إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِ زَوْجِهَا " . وَأَمَّا قَوْلُهَا إِنِّي لاَ أُصَلِّي حَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ فَإِنَّا أَهْلُ بَيْتٍ قَدْ عُرِفَ لَنَا ذَاكَ لاَ نَكَادُ نَسْتَيْقِظُ حَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ . قَالَ " فَإِذَا اسْتَيْقَظْتَ فَصَلِّ " . قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ رَوَاهُ حَمَّادٌ - يَعْنِي ابْنَ سَلَمَةَ - عَنْ حُمَيْدٍ أَوْ ثَابِتٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْمُتَوَكِّلِ .
A woman came to the Prophet (ﷺ) while we were with him. She said: Messenger of Allah, my husband, Safwan ibn al-Mu'attal, beats me when I pray, and makes me break my fast when I keep a fast, and he does not offer the dawn prayer until the sun rises. He asked Safwan, who was present, about what she had said. He replied: Messenger of Allah, as for her statement "he beats me when I pray", she recites two surahs (during prayer) and I have prohibited her (to do so). He (the Prophet) said: If one surah is recited (during prayer), that is sufficient for the people. (Safwan continued:) As regards her saying "he makes me break my fast," she dotes on fasting; I am a young man, I cannot restrain myself. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said on that day: A woman should not fast except with the permission of her husband. (Safwan said:) As for her statement that I do not pray until the sun rises, we are a people belonging to a class, and that (our profession of supplying water) is already known about us. We do not awake until the sun rises. He said: When you awake, offer your prayer.
Abu Hurairah reported the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) as saying
dansSunan Abi Dawudقَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " إِذَا دُعِيَ أَحَدُكُمْ فَلْيُجِبْ فَإِنْ كَانَ مُفْطِرًا فَلْيَطْعَمْ وَإِنْ كَانَ صَائِمًا فَلْيُصَلِّ " . قَالَ هِشَامٌ وَالصَّلاَةُ الدُّعَاءُ . قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ رَوَاهُ حَفْصُ بْنُ غِيَاثٍ أَيْضًا عَنْ هِشَامٍ .
When one of you receives an invitation (for a meal), he should accept it. If he isn to fasting, he should eat, and if he is fasten, he should pray. Hisham said: The word salat means to pray (for him to Allah). Abu Dawud said: This tradition has also been narrated by Hafs b. Ghiyath from Hisham.
Abu Hurairah reported Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) as saying
dansSunan Abi Dawudقَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " إِذَا دُعِيَ أَحَدُكُمْ إِلَى طَعَامٍ وَهُوَ صَائِمٌ فَلْيَقُلْ إِنِّي صَائِمٌ " .
When one of you is invited (to a meal), and he is fasting, he should say that he is fasting.
'Aishah said
dansSunan Abi Dawudحَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ، عَنْ عُقَيْلٍ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم كَانَ يَعْتَكِفُ الْعَشْرَ الأَوَاخِرَ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ حَتَّى قَبَضَهُ اللَّهُ ثُمَّ اعْتَكَفَ أَزْوَاجُهُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ .
The Prophet (ﷺ) used to observe retirement (i'tikaf) to the mosque during the last ten days of Ramadan till Allah took him, and then his wives observed retirement to the mosque after his death.
Ubayy ibn Ka'b
dansSunan Abi Dawudحَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ، أَخْبَرَنَا ثَابِتٌ، عَنْ أَبِي رَافِعٍ، عَنْ أُبَىِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم كَانَ يَعْتَكِفُ الْعَشْرَ الأَوَاخِرَ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ فَلَمْ يَعْتَكِفْ عَامًا فَلَمَّا كَانَ الْعَامُ الْمُقْبِلُ اعْتَكَفَ عِشْرِينَ لَيْلَةً .
The Prophet (ﷺ) used to observe i'tikaf during the last ten days of Ramadan. One year he did not observe i'tikaf. When the next year came, he observed i'tikaf for twenty nights (i.e. days).
'Aishah said
dansSunan Abi Dawudقَالَتْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم إِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَعْتَكِفَ صَلَّى الْفَجْرَ ثُمَّ دَخَلَ مُعْتَكَفَهُ . قَالَتْ وَإِنَّهُ أَرَادَ مَرَّةً أَنْ يَعْتَكِفَ فِي الْعَشْرِ الأَوَاخِرِ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ . قَالَتْ فَأَمَرَ بِبِنَائِهِ فَضُرِبَ فَلَمَّا رَأَيْتُ ذَلِكَ أَمَرْتُ بِبِنَائِي فَضُرِبَ . قَالَتْ وَأَمَرَ غَيْرِي مِنْ أَزْوَاجِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم بِبِنَائِهِ فَضُرِبَ فَلَمَّا صَلَّى الْفَجْرَ نَظَرَ إِلَى الأَبْنِيَةِ فَقَالَ " مَا هَذِهِ آلْبِرَّ تُرِدْنَ " . قَالَتْ فَأَمَرَ بِبِنَائِهِ فَقُوِّضَ وَأَمَرَ أَزْوَاجُهُ بِأَبْنِيَتِهِنَّ فَقُوِّضَتْ ثُمَّ أَخَّرَ الاِعْتِكَافَ إِلَى الْعَشْرِ الأُوَلِ يَعْنِي مِنْ شَوَّالٍ . قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ رَوَاهُ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ وَالأَوْزَاعِيُّ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ نَحْوَهُ وَرَوَاهُ مَالِكٌ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ قَالَ اعْتَكَفَ عِشْرِينَ مِنْ شَوَّالٍ .
When the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) intended to observe I'tikaf, he prayed the fajr prayer and then entered his place of seclusion. Once he intended to observe I'tikaf during the last ten days of Ramadan. She said: He ordered to pitch a tent for him, and it was pitched. She said: The other wives of the Prophet (ﷺ) also ordered to pitch tents for them and they were pitched. When he offered the fajr prayer, he saw the tents, and said: What is this ? Did you intend to do an act of virtue ? She said: He then ordered to demolish his tent, and it was demolished. Then his wives also ordered to demolish their tents and they were demolished. He then postponed I'tikaf till the first ten days, that is of Shawwal. Abu Dawud said: This tradition has been transmitted by Ibn Ishaq and al-Auza'i from Yahya b. Sa'id in a similar manner, and Malik narrated it from Yahya b. Sa'id, saying: He observed I'tikaf during twenty days of Shawwal.
Ibn 'Umar said
dansSunan Abi Dawudقَالَ نَافِعٌ وَقَدْ أَرَانِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ الْمَكَانَ الَّذِي يَعْتَكِفُ فِيهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ .
The Prophet (ﷺ) used to observe I'tikaf during the last ten days of Ramadan. Nafi' said: 'Abd Allah (b. 'Umar) showed me the place in the mosque where Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to observe I'tikaf.
Abu Hurairah said
dansSunan Abi Dawudقَالَ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَعْتَكِفُ كُلَّ رَمَضَانَ عَشَرَةَ أَيَّامٍ فَلَمَّا كَانَ الْعَامُ الَّذِي قُبِضَ فِيهِ اعْتَكَفَ عِشْرِينَ يَوْمًا .
The Prophet (ﷺ) used to observe I'tikaf during ten days of Ramadan every year. But when the year in which he died, he observed I'tikaf for twenty days.
'Aishah said
dansSunan Abi Dawudقَالَتْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم إِذَا اعْتَكَفَ يُدْنِي إِلَىَّ رَأْسَهُ فَأُرَجِّلُهُ وَكَانَ لاَ يَدْخُلُ الْبَيْتَ إِلاَّ لِحَاجَةِ الإِنْسَانِ .
When the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) observed I'tikaf, he would put his head near me, and I would comb it. and he entered the house only to fulfill human needs (i.e. to urinate or to relieve himself).
A similar tradition has been transmitted by 'Aishah from the Prophet (ﷺ) through a different chain of narrators. Abu Dawud said
dansSunan Abi Dawudقَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَكَذَلِكَ رَوَاهُ يُونُسُ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ وَلَمْ يُتَابِعْ أَحَدٌ مَالِكًا عَلَى عُرْوَةَ عَنْ عَمْرَةَ وَرَوَاهُ مَعْمَرٌ وَزِيَادُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ وَغَيْرُهُمَا عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ .
And Yunus also narrated in a similar way from al-Zuhri, and no one supported Malik in his narration from 'Urwah from 'Umrah ; and Ma'mar, Ziyad b. Sad and others have also narrated it from al-Zuhri from 'Urwah on the authority of 'Aishah.
'Aishah said
dansSunan Abi Dawudقَالَتْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَكُونُ مُعْتَكِفًا فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَيُنَاوِلُنِي رَأْسَهُ مِنْ خَلَلِ الْحُجْرَةِ فَأَغْسِلُ رَأْسَهُ . وَقَالَ مُسَدَّدٌ فَأُرَجِّلُهُ وَأَنَا حَائِضٌ .
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to observe I'tikaf in the mosque and put his head near me through the opening of the apartment, and I would wash his head. Musaddad said: "And I would comb it while I was menstruating."
Safiyyah said
dansSunan Abi Dawudقَالَتْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم مُعْتَكِفًا فَأَتَيْتُهُ أَزُورُهُ لَيْلاً فَحَدَّثْتُهُ ثُمَّ قُمْتُ فَانْقَلَبْتُ فَقَامَ مَعِي لِيَقْلِبَنِي - وَكَانَ مَسْكَنُهَا فِي دَارِ أُسَامَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ - فَمَرَّ رَجُلاَنِ مِنَ الأَنْصَارِ فَلَمَّا رَأَيَا النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَسْرَعَا فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم " عَلَى رِسْلِكُمَا إِنَّهَا صَفِيَّةُ بِنْتُ حُيَىٍّ " . قَالاَ سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ . قَالَ " إِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ يَجْرِي مِنَ الإِنْسَانِ مَجْرَى الدَّمِ فَخَشِيتُ أَنْ يَقْذِفَ فِي قُلُوبِكُمَا شَيْئًا " . أَوْ قَالَ " شَرًّا " .
When the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) was observing I'tikaf (in the mosque), I would come to him to visit him. I had a talk with him and then stood up. I then returned and he (the Prophet) also stood up to accompany me (to my house). Her dwelling place was in the house of Usamah b. Zaid. Two men from the Ansar (helpers) passed (by him at the moment). When they saw the Prophet (ﷺ), they walked quickly. The Prophet (ﷺ) said: Be at ease, she is Safiyyah daughter of Huyayy. They said: Be glory to Allah, Messenger of Allah! He said: Satan runs in man like blood. I feared he might inspire something in your mind, or he said: evil (the narrator doubted).
قَالَتْ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ عِنْدَ بَابِ الْمَسْجِدِ الَّذِي عِنْدَ بَابِ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ مَرَّ بِهِمَا رَجُلاَنِ . وَسَاقَ مَعْنَاهُ .
The tradition mentioned above has also been transmitted by Al Zuhri through a different chain of narrators. In this version she said “When he was at the gate of the mosque which was near the gate of Umm Salamah, two men passed them. The narrator then transmitted the tradition to the same effect.
قَالَ النُّفَيْلِيُّ - قَالَتْ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَمُرُّ بِالْمَرِيضِ وَهُوَ مُعْتَكِفٌ فَيَمُرُّ كَمَا هُوَ وَلاَ يُعَرِّجُ يَسْأَلُ عَنْهُ . وَقَالَ ابْنُ عِيسَى قَالَتْ إِنْ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَعُودُ الْمَرِيضَ وَهُوَ مُعْتَكِفٌ .
According to the version of Al Nufaili, A’ishah said “The Prophet (ﷺ) used to pass by a patient while he was observing I’tikaf(in the mosque) but he passed as usual and did not stay asking about him.” According to the version of Ibn Isa she said “The Prophet (ﷺ) would visit a patient while he was observing I’tikaf.”